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Documents in a real estate transaction

Unsure about what information the documents contain?

Hjælp til huskøb explains all the documents below. Read more about each document below as we go through each document individually.

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Eksempel på en salgsopstilling

The sales presentation

The sales presentation must be made by the real estate agent. The sales presentation contains all information about the house.

The primary purpose of the sales presentation is to make the property attractive to you. However, there are a number of requirements for what the sales presentation must contain.

According to the law, all information in the sales presentation must be correct. If they are not, the seller or the seller's real estate agent can be held liable for incorrect or misleading information.

That's why Hjælp til huskøb always analyze the sales presentation and check that all the information in it is correct.

The home inspection scheme

The home inspection scheme is designed to protect against unforeseen financial surprises when buying and selling homes.

It is the seller's choice whether to use the scheme or not. Most sellers use the system as it releases the seller from liability for hidden defects and deficiencies in the property.

For the transaction to be covered by the home inspection scheme, the seller must:

  • prepare a house inspection report,
  • an electrical installation report
  • present an offer for a change of ownership insurance
  • offer to pay ½ of the premium for the insurance presented

When the seller chooses to use the home inspection scheme, the seller is released from liability for hidden defects and deficiencies in the property.

As a buyer, it is your choice whether you want to take out insurance or not. Hjælp til huskøb recommends that all home buyers take out homeowner's insurance. We can help you review the insurance presented and. Based on our experience, we can advise you whether you should/should obtain a quote from another insurance company.

Eksempel på en tilstandsrapport

The house inspection report

A house inspection report is prepared by a certified building surveyor who inspects the property from basement to attic. The condition report must be a maximum of 6 months old when you receive it. Otherwise it is no longer valid.

The house innspection report is an assessment of the condition of the property and any damage that the building surveyor can see with the naked eye. The house inspection report gives you an overview of the condition of the house, but it does not provide any information about the cost of repairing the damage.

Remember to be critical but realistic when reviewing the report. There's no point getting lost in the damages mentioned in the report. You're buying your next home, not just the damages mentioned in the house inspection report.

Of course, you should read the house inspection report closely, but I would also recommend asking a professional about the contents. Buyer advice at Hjælp til huskøb involves a thorough review of the house reports. What's even more important for you as a buyer is that you also have the contents of the reports explained to you by a housing expert.

Grading in the house inspection report

The building surveyor assesses the individual building elements individually and gives them a grade if he can detect damage. The damage to the property is assessed based on this grading scale:

  • Gray house - Less severe damage that has no impact on the function of the building element or building.
  • Yellow house - Severe damage that will cause the building element to fail in the long term. This failure may result in damage to other building elements.
  • Red house - Critical damage that has already caused or will cause the building element to fail in the short term. This failure may cause or may have already caused damage to other building elements.
  • Black house - Should be investigated further as there are aspects of the building element that should be investigated to determine if it is damage. It could be critical or serious damage. Therefore, you should clarify the extent and consequences of the possible damage. If you choose to buy the property without further investigation, you bear the risk yourself.

Important information in the house inspection report

You should also check the following information about the property in the condition report:

  1. The seller's information about the property. The seller has what is called a “duty of fair disclosure”. This means that the seller must disclose all information about the property that they know or should know. Therefore, you can learn about previous damage and repairs by reading the seller's information (at the back of the condition report).
  2. Are there any buildings that are not approved by the municipality? If so, they should be legalized before you take over the property. Otherwise, it is you as the buyer who assumes responsibility.
  3. Are there any parts of the building that the building surveyor has not inspected? If the building surveyor has not inspected the roof or crawl space, for example, the change of ownership insurance may NOT cover these conditions.

At the front of the condition report there is a section with points to note, which is at least as important as the damage to the house itself. This section contains a number of specific points that relate to the type of house the report covers.

The points of attention list the general factors to look out for regarding the house and the materials the house is made of. For example, there is always an indication of the remaining service life of the roof. This is an important parameter as it costs a lot of money to replace the roof. So if the roof is due to be replaced soon, this should be part of the price negotiation with the seller.

Electrical installation report

An electrical installation report is prepared by an authorized electrician who also reviews the property's electrical installation. The electrical installation report is valid for 12 months.

The electrical installation report is an assessment of the condition of the electrical installations and any damage that the electrician can detect by checking the house's electrical installation. The electrician grades the faults he finds.

As with the condition report, it's also very important to read the electrical installation report closely to discover if there are any illegal electrical installations that you, as the buyer, take responsibility for.

Pay attention to which parts of the electrical installation the electrician has separated during the inspection. After all, the inspection is only a random sample - it's not the entire installation that is disassembled and checked.

Remember to also review the section with the seller's information about the property's electrical installations. If there are illegal electrical installations, it can be expensive to get them legalized. Information about illegal electrical installations is a good negotiating point when buying the property.

Eksempel på en elinstallationsrapport

Change of ownership insurance

Title insurance is an insurance policy that benefits both buyer and seller. Change of ownership insurance is an insurance policy that is particularly beneficial when there is a change of ownership of a property. The insurance covers any hidden damage to the property that is not listed in the condition report, electrical installation report or that the buyer has been made aware of at the time of taking possession of the property.

Some change of ownership insurance policies contain reservations for coverage of certain building parts. As a home buyer, you should be particularly aware of this, as you risk having taken out a worthless insurance policy if you are not aware of this.

Hjælp til huskøb will go through the contents of the condition report, electrical installation report and homeowner's insurance offer with you, so you are informed about the condition of the house and your legal position when buying the house.

Eksempel på et energimærke

The energy label

It is mandatory for the seller of a home to present a valid energy label when selling. Energy labels are valid for 10 years from the date of preparation, so check when the energy label on the property you are looking at was prepared.

The energy label makes a building's energy consumption visible, just like the signs you see on white goods. The energy label also provides an overview of the energy improvements that are worthwhile to implement in the home.
The energy label calculates the home's heating costs, which is an indicator of the building's energy quality. Energy labeling is carried out by an energy consultant, usually the one who prepares the condition report.

Please note that the calculated heating costs from the energy label are included in the sales pitch. As the consumption is calculated based on a standard, it may differ from what you and your family use. There may also be a difference in the seller's annual consumption on the property. It's perfectly normal for there to be discrepancies.

However, you should save the energy label and read it if you plan to improve or remodel your new home. The energy consultant has made some calculations that show what improvements are worthwhile. Some of the improvements cost very little money, so there can be easy money to save.

The purchase agreement

The purchase agreement is the most central document in any real estate transaction. Hjælp til huskøb offers a free and non-binding screening of the purchase agreement before you sign it. This ensures that you have the opportunity to get advice on the content of the purchase agreement and all the other documents before the deal is finally binding on you.

Send the purchase agreement to Hjælp til huskøb and I will get back to you within 2 hours with a content analysis.

When both the seller and the buyer have signed the purchase agreement and approved the agreed terms of trade, the deal will be considered binding for the parties.

If your buyer advisor's approval has been reserved, you can withdraw from the deal at no additional cost to you. If you withdraw from the deal on the basis of home buying advice, our advice is also completely free: We call it no deal - no fee!

You should also be aware that as a buyer, you have a legal right to withdraw from the deal within six business days after the agreement has been made. This costs 1% of the purchase price in compensation, which is paid to the seller. This right of withdrawal is statutory and cannot be waived. 

Eksempel på en købsaftale
Eksempel på en BBR

The BBR owner message

The BBR message is a collection of the information about the property registered in the Building and Housing Register (abbreviated as BBR) with the municipality.

This information includes the property's year of construction, location, size, technical conditions (whether there is an oil tank, geothermal heating or other) etc. The information is partly obtained from public registers, but it is also the owner's responsibility to ensure that these records are correct.

Hjælp til huskøb pays particular attention to what data the public authorities have registered about the property. We often see that the seller has “forgotten” to tell the municipality about the woodshed, greenhouse or similar small buildings. There's usually nothing wrong with that.Illegal building fixtures become even more problematic if it concerns the dwelling. Your buyer advisor will make it a priority to inform you if this is the case. And together we'll plan what to do about it. Remember, your home purchase should be as smooth and safe as possible.

Servitudes

When you buy a home, there may be servitudes registered on the property. It is not uncommon for one or more easements to be registered, but as a buyer you should be aware that you are bound by these servitudes.

This also applies regardless of whether the real estate agent has explained the content of these servitudes to you or not. Hjælp til huskøb will read through any servitudes and go through them with you before we finally approve the deal.

Servitudes must be registered on the property for them to be valid. However, in the case of rights of way, these do not need to be registered. They only need to be recorded on the cadastral map and are therefore an exception to the rule for easements. That's why Hjælp til buskøb always checks the cadastral map online to make sure there isn't a hidden road on your property.

Eksempel på en servitut

Local plans

A local plan aims to guide the future development of an area or a single plot of land. The local plan contains provisions for how the area or plot can and should be used in the future. When you buy a property, it is the seller's real estate agent's responsibility to tell you if the property in question is covered by a local plan. If you want to find out for yourself what applies to a given property, you can usually find the local plans on the municipality's website.

The local plan applies from the time it is decided and only regulates future conditions. This means that as the buyer of a property, you must follow the provisions of the local plan if you want to build new or change existing buildings. It also means that existing buildings can be preserved - regardless of the local plan's new rules.

Local plans can affect:

  • how buildings/land/area can be used
  • what materials can be used
  • the appearance of buildings
  • location of buildings
  • how much can be built on the plot
  • how roads and open spaces should be laid out

Local plans has to be analyzed

In a house deal, it is therefore important to check the content of the local plan before you buy property. If you are thinking about building projects or want to build a new house, it is important that you can realize your project.

If you build a structure that contradicts the content of the local plan, it is your responsibility as a homeowner to legalize the construction or, in the worst case, it is your responsibility to tear it down again.

Local plans can apply to an area or a plot of land. Regardless of how large an area the local plan applies to, there are always a number of map appendices at the back of the local plan that are worth reading through. The maps show, among other things, which area the local plan applies to, and there is often a layout plan that explains how the area can be used. There may also be an illustration sketch showing examples of how the buildings can be designed to comply with the plan.

The deed

The deed is the document that secures rights over a real estate property. The deed is drawn up based on the agreements in the purchase agreement. It is usually the seller's real estate agent who prepares the deed and ensures that it is signed by the seller and buyer. If the seller's real estate agent is not responsible for drafting the deed, Help to Buy can of course also help with this.

The deed has several functions. Firstly, it ensures that the owner is the only person with rights to the property. Secondly, it also ensures that the previous owner's creditors cannot attach the property. This ensures that you are not stuck with the previous owner's debt in the property.

When the deed is registered, a registration fee must be paid to the state. The registration fee is usually paid by the buyer in a real estate transaction. How the costs are divided in your particular transaction is determined in the purchase agreement.

The registration fee is calculated by the real estate agent in the “cash requirements” section of the sales statement. You can also read more about calculating the registration fee in our FAQ.

Do you have questions about your home purchase?

Then you've come to the right place

With over 20 years of experience, I can ensure you a safe and easy home purchase.

Contact me for an informal chat about what I can help you with.

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